Again to minimize potential measurement error this construct was treated as a latent variable in the subsequent analysis.
LSA values provide a highly reliable measure of noun verb semantic distance, one with low measurement error and reasonable construct validity.
The purpose of this study was to validate the WOSI in a Dutch population by evaluating its structural validity, internal consistency, measurement error, reliability, and construct validity.
Search two: studies which evaluated a measurement property (inter- or intra-rater reliability; measurement error; criterion or construct validity; or responsiveness) in NSCLC for one of the outcome measures identified in search one.
Following the assumptions of classical test theory, high construct variability scores indicate higher individual measurement errors, whereas low construct variability scores indicate precise true score measures.
Some methodological aspects that need to be improved are: assessment of unidimensionality in internal consistency analysis, the use of stable patients and similar test conditions in studies on reliability and measurement error, and studies on construct validity and responsiveness should be based on predefined hypotheses.
We evaluated floor/ceiling effects, reliability (using Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and measurement error), convergent and divergent construct validity (using four a priori stated hypotheses) and responsiveness (using data obtained prior to and one year after ACLR and described by both effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM)).
Psychometrically, latent variables provide more reliable estimates of underlying constructs of interest and allow researchers to separate measurement error from estimates of the construct itself (Kline 2005; Loehlin 2004).
An alternative explanation for our empirically-derived findings include spurious associations due to unit of analysis (i.e., administrative areas are highly imperfect proxies for communities), measurement error in administrative data, or construct misspecification.
Muscle strength was measured using hand-held dynamometry, hand-grip dynamometry, manual muscle test, one-repetition maximum and the chair-stand test, however only two studies reported reliability and measurement error and one study reported construct validity.
