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Cognitive assessment was measured with validated instruments.
but have found significant improvements in mood state as measured with validated psychometric instruments [ 30].
Function and pain were the most common outcomes and were measured with validated instruments.
Main outcome measures Happiness measured with validated four item scale; broad array of attributes of social networks and diverse social ties.
Blood pressure was measured with validated oscillometric automated digital BP devices (OMRON Digital Automatic BP Monitor) used by qualified nurses or physicians [ 23].
We conducted the study in Germany, Hungary, Spain, Switzerland and the UK using a before and after design to examine the effect of e-learning on participants' knowledge and attitudes measured with validated assessment tools [ 10- 12].
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27 During hospital admission and the first six weeks after surgery, the women kept a diary to evaluate postoperative pain (range 0-10), measured by a validated visual analogue scale; analgesics; and postoperative recovery, measured with the validated recovery index-10.
HRQoL was measured with the validated French version of the KDQoL V36 [ 20].
Although IPV was measured with a validated, standard scale, this scale has weaknesses.
In general, however, the reporting of data was adequate and transparent, and outcomes were measured with adequately validated instruments.
The primary outcome of this study is clinical improvement of incontinence as measured with the validated Dutch version of the UDI.
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