Maximum sound pressure levels of commercially available Fig8 and Circ coils as well as Standard, Reversed and Sham TMS using custom-made Fig8 and Circ coils at 90% maximum output were measured using a sound pressure monitor (A-weighted, 150 cm from coil surface; 10 trials per condition).
Distances between pulses were measured using pitch analysis (Sound: To manipulation command) in Praat.
The startle signal was a 120 dB mixed frequency, white noise burst that lasted for 20 ms. The recording window was 100 ms. Prepulses lasted for 20 ms. Stimulus intensity was measured using a Quest sound level meter (SPL scale) with the meter placed in the test chamber in the center of the test stage with the door closed and the microphone directed upward toward the ceiling-mounted speaker.
Stimuli were presented using Media Control Functions (DigiVox, Montreal, Canada) via electrostatic headphones (NordicNeuroLab, Norway) at a sound pressure level of 80 dB as measured using a Lutron Sl-4010 sound level meter.
Playback stimuli were broadcast using a Marantz PMD-661 solid-state recorder connected to a loudspeaker (David Active, VISONIK, Berlin), with maximum amplitude set within the range of natural calling behaviour (66 79 dB at 10 m from source, measured using a Voltcraft 322 sound level meter).
Playback stimuli were broadcasted using a Marantz PMD-661 solid-state recorder connected to a loudspeaker (David Active, Visonik, Berlin), with maximum amplitude set within the range of natural calling behaviour (60 85 dB at 10 m from source, measured using a Voltcraft 322 sound level metre).
In the real measurements, the radio channels between eight transmitters and eight receivers were measured using the RUSK Stanford channel sounder, operating at 2.45 GHz with a bandwidth of 240 MHz.
A 95-μm plankton net was hauled through the whole water column at two different sites per lake within the deep basin (depth was measured using a portable depth sounder); the two samples were then pooled and preserved in 95% ethanol.
The sound intensity inside the chamber was measured using a calibrated Bruel & Kjaer 2232 sound level meter to ensure minimal deviations of sound intensity.
The three wind components and the speed of sound were measured using a three-dimensional sonic anemometer (R-50, Gill, UK).
