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These internal lengths can be observed and measured using conventional experimental techniques (EBSD, TEM, AFM).
The strains measured using conventional electrical resistance strain gauges showed a great amount of difference from those of Smart Strands.
The extracted RNA was largely intact as indicated by 28S/18S ratios and RIN values, while these parameters could not be measured using conventional kits alone.
Results show good agreement between with the moduli measured using conventional rheometry up to 100 Hz and with values extrapolated up to 1 kHz.
Although modern numerical models contain many degrees of freedom, only a few degrees of freedom are typically measured using conventional instrumentation such as strain gauges and extensometers.
Since the leaf can deform if the surface form is measured using conventional contact methods, the non-contact phase-shifting fringe projection method was applied to determine the 3-D surface form of the leaf.
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While the gas flow rate can be measured with existing PL sensors [1], the thin liquid layer, which may contain more valuable oil, is more difficult to detect and measure using conventional equipment.
The method provides a non-destructive and non-intrusive tool for studying multiphase flow for which rapid changes in fluid saturation in the entire flow domain is difficult to measure using conventional techniques.
However, VEPs are extremely hydrophobic proteins, and they are difficult to measure using conventional techniques.
On-going pain is difficult to measure using conventional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods, such as blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging [Downar et al., 2000; Legrain et al., 2011], as this behavior cannot be broken up into blocks or interrupted by rest.
Velocity, turbulence and droplet size data are measured using a conventional LDV/PDA system and measurements are reported at a number of axial locations in the flow.
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