"Right Answer, Wrong Score: Test Flaws Take Toll," your May 20 front-page article about the flaws in the design, administration and grading of scholastic achievement exams, addresses only part of the problem of using such exams to measure understanding.
The PALS course contains a written examination designed to measure understanding of course concepts.
Recent developments in measuring, understanding and modeling of the mechanisms are discussed.
Nanotechnologies are emerging platforms that could be useful in measuring, understanding, and manipulating stem cells.
To avoid this problem, a straightforward measure of acceptance that does not also measure understanding of evolutionary facts was used in this study (see Spiegel et al. 2012).
By ascertaining Rasch model conformity, we identified a small number of items that nonetheless exactly measure understanding of Newton's mechanics (efficiency) independent of several individual characteristics of the test taker (fair measurement).
The tests for each topic had two components; a knowledge test of 11 multiple-choice questions and two multi-stage problem-solving questions designed to measure understanding.
A better instrument to measure understanding of phylogenetic trees should be developed.
It is comprehensive, widely used, and, importantly, it measures understanding of natural selection in the context of a diversity of organisms.
Mutual Awareness, which measures understanding of the behaviors and status of other members in a team is supposed to influence team decision-making process in safety-critical tasks/systems.
