The smooth muscle regions were outlined to measure total cross-sectional area of smooth muscle.
18 Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was also calculated following the method of Baumgartner et al. 1 Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT; Norland/Stratec XCT-3000, software version 6.0; Stratec Medizintechnik, Pforzheim, Germany) was performed to measure total cross-sectional area, cross-sectional muscle area, and cross-sectional fat area on forearm and on calf.
An observer blind to the present work measured total number of nerve fibers in cross-sections acquired 5 mm distal to the interposed nerve graft/conduit.
Comparison of measured total yield of excited helium atoms with theoretical total excitation cross sections after the convolution with the impact energy spread of 200 meV (FWHM).
We therefore measured total protein tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl-/-Vav1-/ thymocytes to broadly assess the effect of Cbl inactivation on candidate signaling molecules activated by TCR cross-linking in these cells.
In vivo osteoclast activity was determined by measuring total DPD cross-links in urine samples, which was expressed relative to urinary creatinine levels (Metra Biosystems, Inc .. Eight animals of each genotype were analysed.
Measures included total cross-sectional area, bone volume fraction, trabecular number, thickness, spacing, cortical area, and tissue mineral density.
The image at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) most clearly displaying both vertebral transverse processes will be chosen for measuring muscle area, since total cross sectional skeletal muscle area at this level is highly correlated with whole body skeletal muscle mass [ 37, 38].
The ERNA (European Recoil mass separator for Nuclear Astrophysics) collaboration measured, for the first time, the total cross section of 12C16O by means of the direct detection of the 16O ions produced in the reaction down to an energy of Ecm = 1.9 MeV.
