"Woody plant lineages have evolved quickly, and numerous times to fire, but these 'quick' changes are probably measured in timescales of hundreds of thousands of years at a minimum," he says.
Gore tells us that the astrologers of ancient Babylon used a double clock – one for measuring the timescale of human affairs and another for tracking the celestial movements they believed shaped earthly events.
The scaled effective population size N eτ measures the timescale of coalescence of a phylogeny and quantifies the visual distinction between a 'spindly' tree and a 'bushy' tree (Bedford et al., 2011).
It enables adsorption rates to be measured on a timescale of about 1 s.
Functional emergence occurs in a timescale measured in nanoseconds and hours.
In this example, developmental emergence occurs in a timescale measured in months, years and decades.
These emerged in a sequence -- thresholds of emergent complexity -- over a timescale measured in billions and millions of years.
In contrast, no FLIP was observed between the pocket or cell body membrane as would be expected if these are distinct compartments and there is no redistribution of protein between them over the timescale measured (results shown up to 60 s but no change was observed up to 156 s; data not shown).
These processes are thought to occur on an evolutionary timescale measured in thousands to millions of years; for example, it has been estimated that the average half-life of duplicate gene pairs is of the order of 3 to 7 MY for mammals, invertebrates, and plants [ 19].
On timescales measured in fractions of a second, high-speed cameras can record luminous events in the flash.
