The amplitude of the error signals is measured by a robust envelope detector, whereas the frequency is obtained by calculating a period between two zero-crossing moments.
BST-2 expression was measured by GeneChip Robust Multiarray Averaging (GC-RMA).
Our findings strongly suggest that miR-21 measured by ISH is a robust and valuable indicator of adverse prognosis in stage II colon cancer.
Regarding the different hemodynamic parameters measured by NIRS, HbT provided robust maps with well defined strong correlations, suggesting that this contrast may be used to better localize functional connectivity, similar to what has been found in studies of functional activation [ 47, 48].
This further suggests both that the gene expression measured by these microarrays is a robust measurement of actual gene expression and that both the computationally created contigs and clusters [ 27] are accurate representations of actual units of expression [see Additional files 1 and 2].
The monophyly of taxonomic classes, as well as relationships within each class appear quite robust as measured by bootstrap values.
While the enrichment or depletion of individual amino acids in (hyper- thermophilic species is strongly affected by phyper- thermophilicependence, the overall biaspeciessured by ERK and CvP are robust.
Recently, the "International Ki-67 in Breast Cancer Working Group" published their recommendations based on current evidence concerning the evaluation and the interpretation of Ki-67, pursuing to increase the interlaboratory comparability and analytical validity of this marker in clinical practice, which is one of the most robust biomarkers measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Robust performance is measured by the H2 and H∞ norms of the transfer function from the noisy input to the filtering error.
The dissimilarity between two experiments is measured by the Euclidean distance between the robust PCA coordinates for each LC-MS/MS experiment.
