As well as measuring baseline values, three provocations were used to produce vasodilatation and reperfusion: the iontophoresis of acetylcholine, post-occlusive hyperaemia, and thermal hyperaemia.
It was important to measure baseline values in each rat used in this study under low stress conditions directly before anaesthetic measurement, because baseline values found in the literature show a great variability.
The assay developed in this study had a lower or similar limit of detection than those previously reported [ 9, 17, 36] and was also able to measure baseline values of Hp in milk from low SCC cows similar to the assay described by Hiss et al. [ 17] which had a limit of detection in the same region (0.07 μg/ml).
We measured the baseline values of HRQoL of a broad spectrum of patients referred to six otolaryngology clinics across Scotland and then the changes in HRQoL owing to their otolaryngological management.
We then measured several baseline values including heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), global end dilution volume (GEDV), stroke volume (SV), stroke volume variability (SVV), cardiac output (CO), extravascular lung water (EVLW), central venous pressure (CVP), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and left ventricular contractility index (dPmax).
We did not measure the baseline values of the nutritionally dependent hormones.
The PK exposure biomarker correlation analysis provides an added value of measuring baseline levels of 4βHC for drugs metabolized primarily by CYP3A4 in clinical studies.
We analysed covariance of changes in shoulder pain and disability index measures, taking baseline values as covariates.
Final analyses were undertaken with regression models, adjusted for repeated measures and baseline values, in SAS version 9.2.
If studies reported significant between-group differences in repeated measures ANOVAs, baseline values between groups were assumed to be different, unless stated otherwise.
