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As previously shown IL-21 therapy resulted in systemically measurable biological effects at the lowest dose level, measured as increased serum sCD25 level and granzyme B expression in CD8+ T cells on study day 5 [ 9].
Limiting nutrients have traditionally been measured as increased respiration after adding nutrients, but this will not differentiate between fungal or bacterial responses.
This imbalance in detoxification capacity can be measured as increased production of PAH DNA adducts, decreased lipid peroxidation and compromised fetal health.
However, an in vitro assay can only suggest that a given compound might have in vivo anti‐scrapie activity, which is typically measured as increased survival times.
The triggering of the defence systems seemed to have successfully restored homeostasis of the physiological variables measured, but the fish still used energy for detoxification four days after the episode, measured as increased biomarker synthesis.
The withdrawal of chronic nicotine administration induces depressive-like behavior in mice, measured as increased immobility time in the force swim test (Roni and Rahman 2014).
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Neutrophil infiltration (measured as increase in myeloperoxidase activity in the mucosa) was associated with up-regulation of ICAM-1 and expression of P-selectin and high levels of malondialdehyde (an indicator of lipid peroxidation).
In both hMSC and pre-adipocytes from mouse and humans monomeric TRAP stimulated both proliferation and differentiation, measured as increase of GPDH enzyme activity.
DPPI activity was assayed by the liberation of the fluorescent leaving group, 7-amino-4-ethyl coumarin (AMC), and measured as increase in fluorescence using a fluorometer.
Diene formation was measured as increase of absorbance at 234 nm.
Cell growth was measured spectrophotometrically at 600nm, and increase in cell growth were measured as increases in optical density (OD).
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