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In GA, the implementation of the objective function and constraints are realized within the fitness function,which is a raw measure of the solution value [33].
We define the relative error as a measure of the difference between the solution obtained with Legendre collocation and the solution obtained with the reduced basis procedure divided by the measure of the solution obtained with Legendre collocation.
The second fitness function is a measure of the solution complexity given the relative size of the set of endmembers as specified in Equation (8), denoted by f|·| (E), f ⋅ ( E ) = E E WM, (8).
Tm is a standard measure of the solution thermodynamic stability of the duplex of nucleic acids, which is defined as a temperature at which the hypochromic coefficient reaches half of its value.
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3D inversion of GGT data was originally introduced by Vasco (1989) and Vasco and Taylor (1991), who focused on the covariance and resolution measures of the solution appraisal.
Spectra were measured of the solution in the capillary before exposure to H2, and after the collection of the tomographic data (i.e. after exposure to H2).
The goal of this article is to investigate the usefulness of information theoretic distance measures for the solution of the permutation ambiguity problem.
Biofilm formation was quantified by measuring absorbance of the solution at 540 nm with a microplate reader (Tecan, Infinite M200).
The second strategy is concerned with determining defuzzified centroid value of the noisy fitness samples, instead of their conventional averaging, as the fitness measure of the trial solutions.
Most of these measure the quality of the solution produced by taking the ratio of the cost of the solution produced by the algorithm to the cost of an optimal solution.
In our proposal, the fast non-dominated sorting and population selection strategy are applied to measure the quality of the solution and select the better ones.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com