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"Expat" suggests a cosmopolitan spirit and resources that allow mobility; to be an "immigrant" suggests some measure of need.
For each person living in that area -- admittedly, a very rough measure of need -- that works out to less than $5, compared with the national average of $46 per capita.
Several Latin American countries are devising or have already adopted such "multi-dimensional" measures of poverty.Income can be a misleading measure of need because poor people end up living in different degrees of hardship depending on their intangible resources.
One idea, favoured by European governments, is differential pricing, under which drug firms would be urged to charge different prices in different markets, based on some measure of need and purchasing power.
Participants completed a measure of need for closure approximately four weeks before election day.
For example, cultural attitudes toward entering a sick role might have a greater impact on disability days, as a measure of need, than they do on the more serious level of need, bed-disability days.
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19 The Needs and Provision Complexity Scale (NPCS) as a measure of needs for health and social care services and the extent to which these needs are met.
One of the approaches proposed by the IOM was to coordinate HRSA and CDC efforts to survey a random sample of HIV-infected persons to develop more accurate measures of need for prevention and care services.
Many systems utilise proxy measures of need as the basis for allocation formulae.
Second, commonly used measures of need might be inadequate indicators of need for professional health care [ 21].
As well as direct measures of need, formulae also draw upon indirect, distal measures of need such as socio-economic status such as unemployment, elderly people living alone and children of single parents [ 1].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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