The variable υ in Equation (9) is a scaling factor used to attain a mean of unity for M k), i.e., 1 L s ∑ k = 0 L s − 1 M k = 1.
Values of mating and reproductive successes were then standardized to a relative scale (with mean of unity) by dividing the absolute values by their respective means.
Two types of particles, SpD and PrtxG, are well above the mean of unity, and two other types, SootH and DEP, are well below.
The distribution of V1 should be chosen to have a mean of unity and a variance that matches the variance in 1960 of the individualized exposure estimates.
This created a graphical distribution appearing markedly skewed on visual inspection with an overall mean of unity and overall standard deviation similar to that of the middle normally distributed data scenario (i.e. 40% of the control mean value), but skewness (third standardized moment about the mean [ 15]) of 0.88.
Because of variations in both doctrine and practice, however, the Eucharist, which was intended as both a symbol of and a means of fostering unity within the church, has been a source of disunity and even contention.
In his priestly function, the bishop is called on to administer the sacraments and to encourage his flock to experience the Eucharist as a means of achieving unity in the love of Christ.
As a means of symbolizing unity, the ancient rite of concelebration i.e., several priests or bishops jointly celebrating a single eucharistic liturgy was restored by Vatican II, which also emphasized the corporate nature of communion as well as the important role of the laity in eucharistic celebrations.
In cycles gone by though harmony was established, yet, owing to the absence of means, the unity of all mankind could not have been achieved.
Daftare Tahkim Vahdat (means the Office of Consolidation of Unity), an important student association, had organised this demonstration to protest against censorship, gender apartheid and pressure on students.
