Two different grades (with mean yield strengths of 400 and 600 MPa) of steel rebar of 16 mm in diameter were used in the test beams for longitudinal reinforcement.
Concerning mean torsional yield strength, significant differences were found between 3.3, 3.8, and 4.3 mm-diameter and 5.0 and 6.0 mm-diameter implants (p < 0.01).
The mean torsional yield strengths demonstrated significant differences between 3.3, 3.8, and 4.3 mm-diameter and 5.0- and 6.0-mm-diameter implants (p < 0.01).
For the 10 mm deformed bars, the mean value of tensile yield strength, ultimate strength and Young's modulus were 418 MPa, 580 MPa and 202 GPa, respectively, while the relevant values for the 6 mm mild steel bars were 250 MPa, 364 MPa and 205 GPa, respectively.
Measuring the pulling force at 0.20 percent elongation and dividing it by the test bar's cross section are a means of calculating the yield strength, a good indicator of cold formability.
These criteria that radial and hoop stresses reduce dramatically when plastic deformation occurs near the end faces of hollow electrode, may help guide development of new materials for lithium-ion batteries with enhanced mechanical durability, by means of reasonable designing yield strength to maintain mechanical stress below fracture strength, thereby increasing battery life.
Furthermore, the model predicts the scatter in the yield strength in addition to the mean.
A new powder tester has been developed to measure the unconfined yield strength in uniaxial direction, which means consolidation and collapse stresses in the same direction, as well as to measure the anisotropic unconfined yield strength in biaxial direction, which means consolidation and collapse stresses are in orthogonal directions.
