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In ASM regions, where the climatological mean vertical motion is upward, the area mean precipitation, P, can be expressed as: P = {alpha}Mq, (1 where M is the upward mass flux at cloud base, q is the specific humidity at cloud base, and α is a scale factor representing the bulk precipitation efficiency, defined as rainfall per unit moisture flux at cloud base.
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The corresponding mean vertical motions in the polar mesosphere are inferred to be about 4 to 5 mm s −1 (McIntyre 1989).
Judging from the distribution of the anomaly relative to the climatological mean vertical motions, GHG warming appears to have produced only limited enhancement of the ascending motions over the ASM land, as evident in the alternating descent and ascent north of 10°N.
"I mean, vertical".
That means vertical throws for the veteran QB.
The x-axis from the joystick represents the horizontal motion, meaning left-right motion, and the y-axis represent the vertical motion, meaning the up-down motion.
By means of a prescribed vertical motion, the actuator of the testing bench, located at approximately 200 mm from the estimated joint axis, applied a saw-tooth shaped cantilever bending load to the distal part of the ulna.
Under GHG, the distribution of mean and anomalous vertical motions at 500 hPa (Fig. 1a) shows anomalous ascent over the equatorial central Pacific and an intensification on the equatorward flank of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the eastern Pacific.
In this study, the impacts of top-end vertical motion (heave) on riser's vortex-induced vibration (VIV) are explored by means of finite element simulations.
For the calculation of the primary motion parameters (horizontal and vertical motion as well as rotation of the head between two consecutive frames) we calculated mean values for each trace point from the 10 repeated measurements.
The inverse relationship between the anomalous vertical motion over the ASM and the DTS domain (box outlined in red) can be seen in the time series plots of area mean p-velocity over each domain.
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