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This is from a distribution of 116 mean values from studies reporting healthy individuals, with a large minimum and maximum range of 51 796 g/cap/day.
A combination of t1/2 = 15.2 min for human stomach emptying (mean value from three studies with water) and a more protective rate of t1/2 = 7 min predicts that 22.2% Cr VI) will reach the duodenum.
This entails the adjustment of mean values from previous studies for any biases in the data to better reflect conditions examined in the new study.
Meta-analyses do not allow combination of individual participant's data; only mean values from each study publication are used, rather than maximising information from the raw data.
However, in one study, the mean 2D:4D of Chinese was 0.974 and 0.971 on the left and right hand in men, and 0.986 and 0.982 in women (Manning, Churchill, & Peters, 2007), which are different from the mean values from our study.
This variability is averaged out by the mean value from all subjects, because exact meal times were not prescribed by the study protocol.
To correct for differences in the direction of the scales (for example some scales increase with increasing severity and others decrease), the mean values from one set of studies was multiplied by –1 to ensure that all the scales point in the same direction.
PiCCO calibration and analysis were performed within 6 hours of study inclusion using mean values from three 20-ml iced saline injections.
If there were many PASI values recorded from the same patient, the mean value for the study period was calculated and used in the analysis.
For each concentration studied the measurements were repeated three times and the mean values from the three replicates were calculated.
Results are mean values from triplicate cultures.
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