Based on 5 independent transformation experiments, the transformation frequency was calculated as 3.7 × 10-7 (± 14%) transformants per cell.
Figure 1 shows the log-transformed means (±SEM) of the transformation frequencies of serotypes 6B, 14, 19F, 9V, 23F, 3, and 18C induced by CSP-1 and CSP-2.
Our data show an improvement of transformation frequency by optimizing AMT conditions according to the recipient cells, and which supports that AMT means can be applicable to transform variety types of the recipient cells.
The plant transformation frequency from callus tissues was about 48%.
Thus, SJ enhances negative selection stringency and can accelerate allelic replacement in pneumococcus, especially when transformation frequency is low due to strain background or suboptimal transformation conditions.
In addition to the single variable mean transformation, also full matrix mean transformation [17] and variance transformation [29] were tested.
Transformation and analysis of the relative transformation frequency were performed as in reference [27].
Transformation frequency of the conjugation is expressed as the number of transconjugants per output donor.
The transformation results suggest that co-cultivation at low temperature could significantly increase the transformation frequency.
Cases of malignant transformation also increased and the mean transformation time decreased.
