Fig. 7 Mean spacing between each droplet and its closest neighbor <d b > as a function of time.
As particle concentration increases, the mean spacing between the particles, especially at the liquid/gas interface, decreases.
a, Mean spacing between trap sites; Φ t, trap energy level; T, absolute temperature; K1, Boltzmann's constant.
The mean spacing between each droplet and its closest neighbors <d b > as a function of time is given in Fig. 7.
Conventionally-designed concretes were prepared with different sand particle size distributions, so as to systematically vary the extent of aggregate-cement paste interface and the mean spacing between sand grains.
However, the within-family variation, which technically represents the mean spacing between included births, is considerably smaller, with nearly all groups' mean value lying between 2 and 3 years.
This is an important result for engineering a real thin-film structure, because although it is necessary to have a reasonably uniform QD size and to minimise the mean spacing between QDs, d, to give high mobilities for a given matrix, the variation around this mean value, Δd, is less critical.
where q is the electronic charge, a is the mean spacing between trap sites (i.e., the hopping distance), n is the electron concentration in the conduction band of the dielectric, v is the frequency of thermal vibration of electrons at trap sites, T is the absolute temperature, k is Boltzmann's constant, and Φ t is the energy level from the trap states to the bottom of conduction band [EC] in ZnO.
The strategy is optimal if the searcher is exclusively engaged in searching, has no prior knowledge of target locations, and if the mean spacing between successive targets greatly exceeds the searcher's perceptual range.
Right: Mean spacing between fields extracted from the autocorrelograms, for various conditions as a function of learning time.
