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Mean pupillary thresholds were within the same range as previously reported findings [ 7] and show a similar pattern as the other metrics; the highest threshold was in Kenya, where 33.7%% of children were classified as having impaired dark adaptation.
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The pupillary threshold is the lowest light intensity to cause a significant pupillary contraction in a dark-adapted eye [ 8].
Abnormal or "impaired" dark adaptation has been defined by a pupillary threshold ≥ -0.5 log cd/m.
Tests for dark adaptation have typically focused on identification of a patient's pupillary threshold using a stepwise series of light intensities [ 7].
Pupillary threshold, when evaluated by Congdon et al, was originally coded based on the stimulus number (i.e., stimulus 1 through stimulus 9).
Pupillary threshold is defined as the lowest light intensity that stimulated a ≥15%% relative change in the subject's pupil diameter.
However, we do recommend that future PFDA studies report pupillary threshold to ensure comparability with previous research [ 7], and in the case of vitamin A deficiency-related research, consider a similar focus on the high light intensity stimuli.
Lower pupillary threshold values have historically been associated with healthy, vitamin A replete individuals, interpreted as a lower intensity of light required to trigger a significant, or major, response.
Mean brain reward thresholds (±SEM) during chronic PCP administration and withdrawal.
Mean thresholds were between 101.3 and 104.2 dB HL.
I mean the threshold is only $600.
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