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Mean primary soot particle diameter and mean aggregate size at the location of measurement were determined using the technique of thermophoretic sampling/transmission electron microscopy analysis.
In terms of the mean temperature, soot volume fraction, primary soot particle number density, primary soot aggregate number density, mean number of primary particle per aggregate, mean radius of soot aggregate, and mean primary soot particle diameter, the predicted profiles agreed reasonably well with the experimental data.
Similar(58)
The average number of primary soot particles per soot aggregate np is found to be a strong function of the aggregate coagulation efficiency.
Uncertainties in the derived values of E(m) and α caused by the uncertainty in the primary soot particle diameter and the mean aggregate size were analyzed.
A Dirac delta is used as a seed for the agglomerate size function whose magnitude depends on the soot volume concentration and the mean primary particle size at each engine operation condition.
The degree of disorder of graphene layers (RS analysis bands), fringe interspace distance (∼1.5 nm with XRD, and ∼0.46 nm with HRTEM), fringe length (∼2.5 4 nm with XRD, and ∼0.9 nm with HRTEM), median fringe tortuosity (∼1.1), mean primary particles diameter (∼25 nm), and fractal dimension (∼2.3) were similar for all soot samples.
This process results in polymeric globules as primary soot particles.
Aggregation of primary soot particles proceeds, however, until the final stages of soot oxidation.
Measurements were limited to the initial stages of soot oxidation (carbon consumption less than 70%) where soot oxidation occurs at the surface of primary soot particles.
The primary soot particle diameter is in the range of 20 35 nm.
TEM images showed that primary soot particles had core shell structures.
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