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Mean pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) r statistics (Purcell et al. 2007) were calculated using vcftools (Danecek et al. 2011) for all variants derived from putatively mis-assembled scaffolds.
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Mean pairwise SNP linkage disequilibrium was also estimated in 10 SNP windows as the composite identity disequilibria among all four genotypes, Δ, assuming that they were the product of the gametic probabilities: r 2 =Δ/ p a q a p b q b ; with p and q being the proportions of the most and least common allele, respectively, of SNPs a and b (Weir, 1996).
The genomic cline rate parameter, β, specifies an increase (positive values) or decrease (negative values) in the rate of transition from low to high probability of LA ancestry as a function of hybrid index and measures the mean ancestry-based pairwise linkage disequilibrium between a locus and all other loci.
Fig. 1 Pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) pattern for CXCL9-11 polymorphisms.
Pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) was ascertained using the Linkage Disequilibrium Analyzer 1.0 software (Ding et al. 2003).
In addition, Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) were analyzed by Haploview 4.2 software.
Pairwise linkage disequilibrium between genetic markers was assessed using the R "genetics" package (version 1.3.2).
Statistical calculation of pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) was performed and pictured using HAPLOVIEW 4.0 [23].
Figure 1a shows the pairwise linkage disequilibrium values observed in the control sample.
The pattern of pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the various SNPs among controls are shown in Figure 1.
Pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) measure D' was 1.00 between all SNPs except between rs10838524 and rs7123390 where D' was 0.67.
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