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On average both B/Y and R/G populations showed mild orientation selectivity for achromatic gratings (mean orientation index for B/Y cells, 0.144 ± 0.130, n = 9; mean for R/G cells, 0.105 ± 0.081, n = 29; P = 0.81, Wilcoxon paired rank-sum test).
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We calculated three tooth crown topographic descriptors: the degree of crown planation (K), the mean orientation of the lowest slope of the cusps (O) and the hypsodonty index (H).
The Future Orientation Index, as displayed above, shows the ranking of each country and also their 2011 rankings.
Preis and Moat introduced the Future Orientation Index together with their colleagues Prof Steven R. Bishop (UCL) and Prof H Eugene Stanley (Boston University) in 2012, in a paper published in Scientific Reports.
Mean orientation of the lines is N37.5°W.
Each group is described by its centroid and mean orientation.
The distribution is arranged to set the mean orientation = 90°, corresponding to the mean orientation of the lineation.
The composite of these bio-physical, social and economic indexes is referred to as an "integrated coastal orientation index".
Using a Mann-Whitney-U test, we tested whether the Orientation Index is affected by the box position.
It is the width of the peak centered at 180° that reflects the orientation index (OI).
The spiking activity at these sites showed pronounced orientation tuning (showing an orientation index of > 0.5 at each site) when confronted with a grating of 64% contrast.
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