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We used circular statistics to calculate the mean orientation for each species and experimental condition, and the Rayleigh test to analyse if the mean orientation differed from a random distribution (Batschelet, 1981).
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Figure 3 plots the correlation between target judgments and the mean orientation of the six flanker bars, for each of the five densities tested in the LVF and UVF.
Mean orientation of the lines is N37.5°W.
On average both B/Y and R/G populations showed mild orientation selectivity for achromatic gratings (mean orientation index for B/Y cells, 0.144 ± 0.130, n = 9; mean for R/G cells, 0.105 ± 0.081, n = 29; P = 0.81, Wilcoxon paired rank-sum test).
For quantifying the influence of the grain neighborhood on subdivision and texture we use a mean orientation concept for the calculation of the orientation spread among the 8 originally identical in-grain orientation points after plastic straining.
The raw head orientation values within each flight were normalised by subtracting the mean orientation to get a single dataset for each bird.
That means gender diversity, that means sexual orientation for me, that means race, ethnicity.
Unfortunately the sample sizes were still limited for these groups, as we could only use birds with significant mean orientation in both tests.
Each group is described by its centroid and mean orientation.
The distribution is arranged to set the mean orientation = 90°, corresponding to the mean orientation of the lineation.
For all species in these experiments there was no difference in the mean orientation under overcast as compared to the mean orientation in the overcast tests performed before the cue-conflict exposure (p>0.05 in all cases).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com