Baladi means native or folk in Arabic.
Fifteen native Chinese students of Southwest University (seven males, mean age: 22.1 years and eight females, mean age: 21.1 years) participated in this study.
Fourteen fourr male and ten female) native Finnish-speaking volunteers (age-range 20 29 years, mean age 23.8 years) participated in the study.
Participants were 32 native Spanish-speakers (26 females, mean age 25.3 years, range 17 51).
Twenty healthy, right-handed, native English speaking volunteers participated in the experiment (13 females, mean age 27.7 years).
The EP speakers were from Central Portugal (mean age 25 years, recorded at the Speech, Language and Hearing Laboratory (SLHlab), University of Aveiro, Portugal), and the Italian native speakers were from the Veneto region in Northern Italy (mean age 40 years, recorded at the Instituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione (ISTC), Padova, Italy).
Participants' mean age was 21 years and all were native Dutch speakers, had a heterosexual orientation, and were not colorblind.
Among all maternal groups, the native Taiwanese group exhibited the lowest mean gestational age (38±1.6 weeks) and highest rate of preterm births (8.4%).
In a behavioural pilot study, 24 healthy, right-handed native speakers of German (mean age = 26.7 ± 4.56 years, 13 female) performed a phonetic categorization task.
Twelve right-handed native English speakers with no known hearing or language impairments participated in the experiment (aged 18 38, mean age 25, 3 males).
