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All the amplified sequences were extensively mutated (mean mutation rate, 7.4%): 88% contained more than 10 mutations per sequence.
For instance, in M. tuberculosis, a mean mutation rate per VNTR locus per year was estimated at 10−4 which translates in a mean of 0.05 pairwise (single-locus) changes per 24-locus genotype expected in sets of isolates originated from a same clone over 10 years57.
The prior normal distribution for mutation rate was estimated based on six previously published mutation rates for mtDNA coding region41,42,43,44,45,46. Resulting mean mutation rate was μ = 1.546 × 10−8 ± 3.675 × 10−9 (SD) substitutions per base pair per year.
We then calculated the mean mutation rate for each EMS concentration.
Then we calculated the mean mutation rate for each EMS concentration.
In the human nuclear genome, the substantial majority of numts are neutrally evolving "mtDNA fossils", in which the mean mutation rate is approximately ten times lower than the mean mutation rate in the mitochondrial genome [16].
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Mean mutation rates obtained with the five demographic models under the relaxed molecular clock ranged from 1.39 to 4.89×10−4 substitutions/site/year.
Mean mutation rates.
We extracted Ne from θ using mean mutation rates published in other fish species.
The inferred mean mutation rates of serotype Enteritidis are comparable to those of short-term evolution in several other pathogens (24 – 24 ).
The mean mutation rates per locus per gamete in the six minisatellite loci were 1.5% for 65 exposed gametes for which mean parental gonadal dose was 1.9 Sv and 2.0% for 183 unexposed gametes.
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