Five commonly used architectural measures (shoot density, number of leaves per shoot, mean leaf length, mean leaf width and shoot biomass) were measured from P. oceanica shoots collected from the two bed types at three different spatial scales: (1) tens of metres ('small' scale); (2) hundreds of metres ('medium' scale); and (3) kilometres ('large' scale).
Considering the populations separately, the SMA results of F2 population of cross IR64 × NH219 showed that the mean leaf width of each genotypic class at locus RM584 was as heterozygote type (1.58) > NH219 genotype (1.25) > IR64 genotype (1.23).
We noted mean absolute percentage errors of E s ≃9.34 % (15.9 mm with an average stem height of 170.9 mm), E w ≃5.75 % (5.11 mm with an average leaf width of 88.9 mm), and E l ≃8.78 % 6.93 mm with an average leaf length of 78.9 mm) on the main stem height, and leaf width and leaf length measurements.
Abbreviations: MS LN, Main Stem Leaf Number; MS LA, Main Stem Leaf Area; tLL, top Leaf Length; mLL, middle Leaf Length; bLL, base Leaf Length; tLW, top Leaf Width; mLW, middle Leaf Width; bLW, base Leaf Width; TN, Tiller Number; SPAD is a relative measure of chlorophyll; ns, not significant.
The investigated characteristics included yield, mean bulb weight, mean clove weight, clove number, plant height, leaf number, leaf width, allicin content and presence or absence of scape.
The minimum mean value referred to main cluster III while the maximum mean value for number of shoots, leaf length, leaf width, plant height, number of true flowers, inflorescence length, rhizome size, number of new rhizomes, and number of storage roots belonged to cluster I which was included non-treated plants.
By directly comparing our automated mesh based quantitative data with manual measurements of individual stem height, leaf width and leaf length, we obtained the mean absolute errors of 9.34%, 5.75%, 8.78%, and correlation coefficients 0.88, 0.96, and 0.95 respectively.
In contrast, leaf width was significantly different between the two locations with means of 4.5 cm in RS and 4.0 cm in SM (t = 7.23, P<0.0001).
Leaf width was positively correlated with mesophyll.
The micropropagated plants showed significantly higher values for leaf area, leaf length, leaf width and leaf dry mass.
By means of the architectural model for leaves and stems, triangulated surfaces are assembled from the computed organ axis points and from user-defined initial values for the various parameters in the model (e.g. maximum leaf width).
