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The mean kappa values are very small, which demonstrates the inherent difficulty of the affect recognition problem that is dealt with in this article.
To evaluate which of these two types of ground truth calculation is to be preferred, Table 6 shows mean kappa values with none (Cohen's), linear, and quadratic weighting over all raters and per dimension.
The mean agreement and mean kappa values for the two raters were calculated.
In order to verify maintenance of the diagnostic criteria and intra-examiner error, 10% of the sample were re-examined, showing a mean Kappa values of 0.96.
Interestingly, in line with the present study, the items with the best mean kappa values were continence (k = 0.90), physical functioning (k = 0.87) and medications (0.91) [ 30].
The lowest mean kappa values were obtained for items related to vision, hearing, nutrition, delirium, some mood items, skin condition, health instability, dental health, hospital use, and social contacts.
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The mean kappa value over all subjects of the dataset is denoted by κ ̄.
For the three trauma surgeons, the mean kappa value of the main types was moderate (κ = 0.60) and at group level was good (κ = 0.63).
The mean kappa value for the intra-observer agreement of C-type fractures is both moderate for all observers (κ = 0.43) and the group of trauma surgeons (κ = 0.45).
However, in our study the addition of groups to the type of fracture did not show any significant decrease in the mean kappa value (κ = 0.49 resp. κ = 0.48).
For the trauma surgeon group in particular, the mean kappa value of the inter-observer agreement was moderate in both main types and groups in combination with a moderate (types) and good (groups) intra-observer agreement.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com