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Exact(4)
Also, it can be seen for which mean intensity deviation the contributions to the HF occur.
Fig. 5 PET transaxial images (a, b, the colour scales are the same), histograms of the heterogeneity contributions (the mean intensity deviation per distance calculated according to Eq. 2) (c, d) and surface plots (e, f) of the uptake of [18F]FDG and 11C-labelled AnxA5 in a FaDu xenograft.
Fig. 3 PET transaxial images (a, b, the colour scales are the same), histograms (c, d) of the heterogeneity contributions (the mean intensity deviation per distance calculated according to Eq. 2) and surface plots (e, f) of the uptake of AnxA5 and mTrx-GFP in a FaDu xenograft.
Each individual heterogeneity, the mean intensity deviation per distance (in millimetre), here is defined as: left(frac{left|{I}_p-{overline{I}}_kright|+left|{I}_q-{overline{I}}_kright|}{2}right)/ max;left(frac{left|{I}_p-{overline{I}}_kright|+left|{I}_q-{overline{I}}_kright|;}{2}right cdot frac{1}{d_{pq}} (2).
Similar(56)
The uptake was also quite heterogeneous, as was suggested by the transaxial image (Fig. 4a) and supported by the very large number and the broader spectrum of mean intensity deviations in the histogram (Fig. 4c).
Mean intensity, standard deviation of intensity and median intensity within the vertebral body were calculated using Amira software (Amira v. 3.1.1, Mercury Computer Systems, Chelmsford, MA, USA).
For analysis, the midpoint coordinates for all regenerated bone segments were manually identified and the corresponding calcein intensities were used to compute mean intensity, standard deviation of intensity, and coefficient of variation for each fish.
The mean intensity and standard deviation of the ROI was then measured for each time point.
In the 'otherwise' case the following adaptive classification is used: where μ and σ are the mean intensity and standard deviation of the 26-neighbourhood of the voxel under consideration.
Note that this measures the deviation of the intensity of the SPD around the mean intensity, and not the deviation of the wavelength around its mean.
The 2D analysis was performed in maximum intensity projections applying a threshold of mean intensity + twice standard deviation of a representative background region.
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