Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(2)
We also note a slight over-estimation of integral-mean gravity along the plumbline by Helmert's mean gravity approximation in very low areas (0 to 100 m).
Generally, there is a significant under-estimation of integral-mean gravity along the plumbline by Helmert's mean gravity approximation in high altitude areas than in low areas.
Similar(58)
The local vertical datum in Japan is based on the Helmert's approximation of mean gravity along the plumbline.
The difference between rigorous and Helmert orthometric heights is mainly due to the approximation of mean gravity along the plumbline between the geoid and the Earth's surface, because both of them use the same geopotential number at each point.
The corrections to Helmert orthometric heights are evaluated from the differences between the integral-mean gravity and the approximate mean gravity along the plumbline.
Helmert (1890) defined the approximate value for the mean gravity along the plumbline using Poincaré-Prey's gravity gradient.
There are no observed gravity data at the GPS/levelling points; hence the approximate value (Helmert's mean gravity) is derived from the interpolated observed gravity (Figure 3) around each point using refined Bouguer gravity anomalies.
This gives rise to various orthometric heights depending on the approximation method used for the determination of the mean gravity along the plumbline.
I don't mean gravity as in seriousness; I mean gravity as in the force that makes things fall downward rather than float upward.
Mean gravity norm formula.
A crossover analysis of the airborne gravity data indicates a mean gravity accuracy of 1.7 mGal.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com