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Only one variable differed (P < 0.05) between red fox and coyote sighting areas (road density) and bobcat and coyote sighting areas (mean fractal dimension of the landscape).
Following variable reduction procedures, five habitat variables (percentage of grassland patches, interspersion juxtaposition of forest patches, mean fractal dimension of wetland patches and the landscape, and road density) were used for analysis.
Compared to bobcats, red fox sightings were affiliated with more grassland cover and larger grassland patches, higher road densities, lower interspersion and juxtaposition of forest patches, and lower mean fractal dimension of wetland patches.
The method allows simultaneous and operator-independent quantitative assessment of arteriole-to-venule ratio, tortuosity index, and mean fractal dimension.
Morphometric parameters of the retinal vasculature, such as vessel diameter, tortuosity, and mean fractal dimension (mean-D), constitute the main output of these approaches.
Arteriole-to-venule ratio, tortuosity index, and mean fractal dimension were altered in the subjects with hypertensive retinopathy or CADASIL with respect to age- and gender-matched controls.
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The increase of mean fractal dimensions shows that urbanization has a bigger influence on Yellow River wetland.
Out of 17 tested landscape indices only mean patch size and mean patch fractal dimension were significantly correlated with the average number of weed species.
Eight landscape metrics were used to analyze the spatial and temporal changes of landscape patterns of peri-urbanization in Taipei–Taoyuan area: total urban area, number of urban patches, mean urban patch area, largest patch index, area-weighted mean shape index, area-weighted mean patch fractal dimension index, edge density of urban area, and contagion index.
Increases in edge density, area-weighted mean shape index, and area-weighted mean patch fractal dimension were all associated with increases in species richness when the metrics were calculated within 150m buffers of the transects.
For 150 m buffers around transects, species richness increased with edge density, area-weighted mean shape index (AWMSI), and area-weighted mean patch fractal dimension (AWMPFD).
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