Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
mean fold error
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "mean fold error" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when describing the results of calculating the average of the difference between the predicted value and the true value of a dataset. For example: "The mean fold error of our calculations was 0.15."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
3 human-written examples
The mean fold error of our selected model (approach (c)) was 2.29.
Science
For each of these 5 modified Vss-target datasets, we ran again the Bagging M5P regression algorithm and measured its geometric mean fold error (GMFE), averaging the results over the 5 runs.
Science
This is a reasonable accuracy when considering the mean fold error reported in the literature for the interspecies scaling of 1.56 – 2.78 [52] and an animal to human extrapolation of Vss for a small range of drugs showing an average error of 1.82 [21.82
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
57 human-written examples
The Geometric Mean Fold Errors (GMFEs) shown in that table were calculated as: GMFE = antilog10 (MAE) [3].
Science
For estimating PK measures such as AUC, Cmax, tmax, and ke, a variety of metrics including absolute average fold error (AAFE), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean ratio obs/pred), and proportion of estimates falling within a specified fold-error (i.e. 2-fold, 3-fold etc)., have been utilized.
To estimate the error of the predicted protein concentrations, bootstrapping and Monte Carlo cross-validation are performed, with minimization of the mean-fold error (MFE) as objective function.
Science
Expression values are mean relative expression or mean fold induction ± standard error of the mean (SEM).
Science
Values are expressed as the mean fold induction ± standard error.
Science
The measurements are presented as mean fold changes ± standard error of the mean (SEM).
Science
Mean fold differences and standard errors were calculated.
Science
Experiments were repeated eight times and for each marker a mean fold change in expression and standard error was calculated.
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When reporting the "mean fold error", always specify the context, such as the model or dataset used, for clarity and reproducibility.
Common error
Avoid using "mean fold error" interchangeably with metrics like RMSE (root mean squared error) or MAE (mean absolute error). Each metric provides different insights into model performance; choosing the right one depends on the specific goals of your analysis.
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "mean fold error" functions as a noun phrase that represents a statistical metric used to quantify the average magnitude of error in predictions, specifically focusing on the fold difference between predicted and actual values. As Ludwig AI confirms, it's accurate for describing such results.
Frequent in
Science
100%
Less common in
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Academia
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "mean fold error" is a noun phrase denoting a specific statistical metric used to evaluate predictive accuracy, particularly in scientific domains. According to Ludwig AI, the phrase is grammatically sound and suitable for use. It quantifies the average fold difference between predicted and observed values, providing a measure of model performance. While not exceptionally common, its usage is consistent within scientific literature, where it serves to report and compare the accuracy of models, as validated by Ludwig.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
average fold error
Replaces "mean" with "average", a direct synonym, preserving the statistical context.
geometric mean fold error
Specifies the type of mean being used, adding precision.
mean absolute fold error
Clarifies that absolute values are used before calculating the mean, affecting the result.
average percentage fold error
Expresses the error as a percentage of the fold change, providing a relative measure.
mean error in fold change
Rephrases the original to emphasize error within the fold change calculation.
typical fold error
Employs "typical" as a less formal synonym for "mean", suitable for broader contexts.
representative fold error
Indicates a fold error value that is characteristic of the data set.
fold error average
Inverts the word order without sacrificing meaning, primarily stylistic.
aggregate fold error
Substitutes "mean" with "aggregate", highlighting the combined nature of the error.
central tendency of fold errors
Describes the "mean fold error" conceptually, focusing on central tendency.
FAQs
How is "mean fold error" calculated?
The "mean fold error" is calculated by averaging the fold errors between predicted and observed values. The fold error for a single data point is often computed as max(predicted/observed, observed/predicted) to ensure a value greater than or equal to 1.
What does a high "mean fold error" indicate?
A high "mean fold error" indicates that, on average, the predictions deviate substantially from the observed values. This suggests a lower accuracy of the model or method being evaluated.
Is there an alternative to using the "mean fold error"?
Yes, alternatives include the "average fold error", "mean absolute error" (MAE), and root mean squared error (RMSE). The choice depends on the specific requirements of the analysis.
In what contexts is "mean fold error" commonly used?
The "mean fold error" is commonly used in scientific contexts, particularly in fields like cheminformatics and systems pharmacology, for assessing the accuracy of predictive models. It measures how well predictions match observed experimental values.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested