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We then assume that the decision-maker can predict the (mean) extinction time (T_{mathrm{ex}}) of (mathrm{E} [ N_{t} ]): T_{mathrm{ex}} = inf bigl{ t |mathrm{E} [ N_{t} ] = 0, t ge 0 bigr}.
We used λ as it covaried with other population viability indices, such as the exponential rate of increase, the median extinction time and the mean extinction time (0.53
This temporal autocorrelation in the impact of poisoning, the most realistic situation (scenario 2 Table 2), increased the extinction probabilities of the whole population to its maximum value (pe(t = 50) = 1, mean extinction time: 10.2 yearsee.28, scenarioario 2 Fig. 5).
This argument is based on the increase of the mean extinction time relative to unlinked selection.
A final statement about the relative importance of invasion probability vs. mean extinction time is not appropriate at this point.
This would require extensive numerical work, along with a derivation of a diffusion approximation to the mean extinction time for tight linkage.
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Parameters other than the strength of selection and the rate of environmental change also affect mean extinction times.
Figure 2 shows a more extensive exploration of the effects of rates of environmental change and the strength of selection on mean extinction times in the predator-prey model.
Standard diffusion theory predicts that the mean absorption (extinction) time of C1 is approximately t ¯ ˜ neut = N e − 1 ∫ 1 / (2 N ) 1 n − 1 (1 − n ) 2 μ − 1 d n (Ewens 2004, pp. 171 175).
With the set of parameters used by Zayed & Packer [ 32], the occurrence of inviable diploid males resulted in a mean extinction rate 30 times higher than that obtained in conditions of demographic stochasticity only, and this increase in extinction rate was two to three times higher still if the diploid males were assumed to be viable but sterile.
With this approach we can delimit the range of values of U and s that in our model produce results for number of extinctions, mean and variance of extinction time, that are compatible with the empirical results.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com