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During CPB, mean estradiol levels decreased from 29 to 15 pg/ml and progesterone levels rose from 0.13 to 0.90 ng/ml.
Mean estradiol levels were calculated as the mean value of six samples drawn over an interval of 24 hours.
Nulliparous women had 37%, 12% and 30% higher mean estradiol levels on gestation weeks 12, 25 and 33 compared to parous women (P = 0.008).
The overall median level of estradiol was 13.0 pg/ml, with mean estradiol levels higher in patients with ER positive than ER negative tumors (14.36±7.85 pg/ml vs. 12.97 ± 7.37 pg/ml, p=0.69) (Table 2).
The mean estradiol levels were 600% higher on gestation week 25 compared to gestation week 12 (P < 0.0001) and 150% higher on gestational week 33 compared to gestational week 25 (P < 0.0001).
It is known that healthy adolescents at the end of puberty present with mean estradiol levels of 87 pg/mL in the follicular phase, reaching ovulatory values of 150 350 pg/mL [ 33].
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Similar close agreement between cases and controls was found for serum concentrations of estradiol, androstenedione and SHBG, although the mean estradiol level was non-significantly (P = 0.30) lower among cases.
For serum estradiol, the mean estradiol level in all male subjects (including cases and controls) was used as the grouping standard: higher than average concentration was defined as high estradiol level and lower than or equal to average concentration was defined as low estradiol level.
Differences between the study groups included higher endometrial thickness in women treated with letrozole and metformin (8.2 versus 5.5 mm) and higher total estradiol level on day of hCG administration and mean estradiol level per mature follicle in the CC group.
D'Hooghe and coworkers performed a life table analysis of patients with stage III/IV endometriosis who underwent gonadotropin stimulation and reported that, despite using higher gonadotropin doses resulting in higher mean circulating estradiol levels, cumulative disease recurrence was lower in IVF than in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles [ 22].
In African Americans, losing 1 kg means estradiol decreases 1.1% or gaining 1 kg means estradiol increases 1.1%; while in non-African Americans, losing or gaining 1 kg means estradiol decreases 1.9% or increases 1.9% respectively.
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