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Such processes are implicitly assumed to be stationary at least in the second-order sense and mean equals to the received local average signal strength (RLASS).
The statistical properties satisfy the mean equals to zero, E W k ) = E(v k ) = 0.
The ' α' factor distribution for the NM-64 exhibits a Gaussian-like behavior with mean equals to 1.73±0.03.
The requests sent by the hop-2 MDEVs to their MPNCs are considered to follow an exponential distribution with mean equals to (μ2) microseconds.
Additionally, the hop-1 MDEVs send individual requests to the ref-MPNC, which follow an exponential distribution with mean equals to (μ1) μs.
Then, from Equation 5, it follows that LLR x = - 1 ( y ) = - 2 σ n 2 y, which is a linear function of y, is normally distributed with variance σ 2 = 4 σ n 2 and its mean equals to - 2 σ n 2 = - σ 2 2. Using similar derivations, we can get that: LLR x = 1 ( y ) = 2 σ n 2 y.
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The highest outdoor concentrations (8-hour mean equal to 36.9 · 103 pandicles/cm38.8d 38.8 · 103 particles/cm3) were measured at two schools, both affected by heavy traffic.
To ensure adequate comparison of the values for each variable, each one was centered and scaled to mean equal to zero and standard deviation equal to 1.0.
The highest mean indoor concentrations were observed in a small carpet-covered library and a teachers' office (8-hour mean equal to 52.6 · 103 pandicles/cm3 and 50.2 · 103 parespectively respectively), at the same school unit.
I mean, equal to winning the lottery kinda joy.
aIndices generated from standardized (mean equal to zero and standard deviation equal to one) values of individual items all scored in the positive direction.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com