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The standard deviation can be thought of as the average amount by which the price differs from the mean, calculated using a standard statistical formula.
Error bars represent the standard error of the mean (calculated using the number of mean observations for each element).
The data were presented using the following summary statistics: geometric mean (gmean), coefficient of variance (CV), gmean standard deviation (s.d)., arithmetic mean (calculated using untransformed data) and s.d.
Sample size was calculated to observe an 80% change in mean VEGF165b levels at P<0.05 with a power of >90% given an S.D. equivalent to the mean (calculated using G Power).
Similar(56)
Differences between the individual means calculated using ANOVA and REML were determined by calculating an approximate least significant difference (LSD).
Three independent experiments were performed, and the significance of the means calculated using two-tailed Student's t-test.
Cells (in DMEM) without treatment were used as control, and the relative cell viability (mean ± standard error of mean) was calculated using Abs sample/Abs control × 100%.
Data are presented as the mean values normalised to control ± standard error of the mean (SEM) calculated using GraphPad Prism GraphPad Softwaree, La Jolla, CA, USA).
A combined score (HRD-mean) was calculated using the arithmetic mean of the three scores.
The standard errors of the difference between sample means were calculated using the error mean square from the ANOVA.
The mean composition calculated using these values is CaLa1.2(2)Mg0.8(2)Ni9.
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