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Yet erroneous LMP cannot completely explain the significant increase in mean birthweight increased observed as the U/S GA – LMP GA discrepancy ranged from ≤ −11 days to ≥11 days.
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The characteristics that positively affected the crude mean birthweight were increased BMI, hypertension and gestational age.
Term SGA decreased and term LGA and birthweight increased monotonically with increasing GWG.
Birthweight increased from 1996 to 2000 and slightly declined afterward.
Adjusting for birthweight increased the relative risk in the birthweight groups under 2,500 g (low birthweight) significantly among women from Eastern Europe and those from the Middle East and North Africa.
Further analysis shows the portion of preterm low birthweight increased markedly over time.
In the last decade mean birthweight in all births increased despite the parallel increase in the percentage of preterm births.
Health campaigns in the 1980s, such as the Asian Women and Babies Campaign and the Hackney Health Advocacy Programme, which encouraged the use of advocates and link workers to facilitate uptake of services, led to reduced rates of labour induction and caesarean section, and increased mean birthweight [ 12].
Both South Asians and black African-Caribbeans in the UK have lower mean birthweights and an increased prevalence of low birthweight compared with white Europeans [ 11].
In terms of its impact, WIC has been shown to increase mean birthweight by a small but clinically significant amount [ 5].
For infants of women in their first and second pregnancies, malaria chemoprevention probably increases mean birthweight by around 93 g (moderate quality evidence), reduces low birthweight by around 27% (moderate quality evidence), and reduces placental parasitaemia by around 46% (high quality evidence).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com