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The mean bifurcation angle between LAD and LCx was measured as 88.1° ± 18.3 (range, 40.3°, 134.5°).
Dichotomous branching was reproduced by the addition of two unit fragments to the dendritic terminal at a mean bifurcation angle of 65°.
The cause of the apparent change in mean bifurcation angle is not known, but may relate to either a departure from optimality or to adaptation to sustain optimality.
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The mean diameters of LAD and LCx in patients with diseased left coronary with >80° bifurcation angle were measured as 4.1 ± 0.9 mm (range, 2.2 mm, 6.1 mm) and 3.1 ± 0.6 mm (range, 1.5 mm, 4.2 mm).
In contrast, the mean diameters of LAD and LCx in patients with diseased left coronary disease with <80° bifurcation angle were measured as 3.4 ± 0.5 mm (range, 2.5 mm, 4.5 mm) and 2.6 ± 0.5 mm (range, 1.6 mm, 3.4 mm), respectively, reaching statistically significant difference (P = 0.03).
No significant dependence on bifurcation angle was detected.
We determine that the optimal bifurcation angle is approximately 60°.
The model demonstrated that bifurcation angle does not influence the volumetric flow in the downstream arteries.
The effect of loading angle on crack growth rate and on crack bifurcation angle is analyzed.
Numerical simulations show that optimal bifurcation angle decreases the pressure drop and flow resistance especially for bifurcations at large Reynolds number.
Mean bifurcation ratio Rbm = average of the bifurcation ratio of all order Strahler (1957) Aerial aspects 7.
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