Sentence examples for mean bias factor from inspiring English sources
Bias in model predictions was determined using the normalized mean bias factor (NMBF) [Shaocai Yu, personal communication] and the slope from major-axis linear regression [ 46] of the natural-log transformed left-out observations against the natural-log transformed model predictions.
FNMBF is normalized mean bias factor; CVMAE is cross-validation mean absolute error; NMEF is normalized mean error factor; see text for details.
The models also have been shown to have low bias and high precision: The normalized mean bias factor for PM2.5 is –1.6%, and the absolute value of the prediction errors is 1.61.
What is immediate from Table 1 is that the estimator (19) has a bias factor; however, the mean is of the correct order.
It is found that, given a certain number of site-specific pile load tests, the effect of updating depends on the mean and the COV of the measured model bias factor.
Following application of this correction factor (0.68 × OTD-U), the mean bias improved to -0.1 ml/min with precision of 38 ml/min.
For NO2 the model evaluation statistics gave 73% of the hourly concentrations within a factor of two of observations, a mean bias of −4.7 ppb and normalised mean bias of −0.17, a RMSE value of 17.7 and an r value of 0.58.
Statistical measures of model performance (Chang and Hanna, 2004 and Builtjes, 2005) included the fraction within factor of two of the observations (FAC2), the mean bias (MB) and normalized mean bias (NMB), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the correlation coefficient (r).
Concentrations measured from the validation data set (25%) and predicted with each model were compared, and the coefficient of determination (R), the normalized mean bias (NMB; Equation 8), the mean fractional bias (MFB; Equation 9), and the percentage of predicted values within a factor of 2 (Fand and a factor of 3 (FA3) were calculated (Briggs et al. 2000).
We devise a model in which we take out this "bias" factor, and in this model we show that the system becomes diffusive in nature, i.e. the mean square displacement is linear with time.
