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Continuous data will be described as the mean and standardised difference (SD), and categorical data will be described as counts or percentages.
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62 For continuous outcomes, mean differences and standardised mean differences will be used for meta-analysis.
For pain and functional outcomes, weighted mean differences and standardised mean differences, with 95% confidence intervals, were calculated.
Mean and peak standardised uptake values (SUVs) of initial positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) were obtained if possible.
The parameters and state variables were mean-centred and standardised globally in the calibration set prior to the metamodelling.
Both parameters, state variables and aggregated outputs were mean-centred and standardised prior to the HC-PLSR.
The regressors were mean-centred and standardised prior to the HC-PLSR, while the state trajectories were only centred.
Before analysis, raw data were filtered by the presence of metabolites in at least 80% of patients and all data were mean-centred and standardised.
The parameters were mean-centred and standardised (divided by their standard deviations) due to the large differences in absolute values for the parameters, and the state variables were mean-centred prior to the regression analysis.
The use of a common mean and SD for standardised variables at two time points ensures that changes in the score can vary from zero.
Responsiveness was evaluated measuring the mean differences, effect sizes (ES) and standardised response means (SRM) in the groups of patients reporting worse, same and better health on the SF-36 transition question, and by the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rs) of the changes scores of the PHQ-15 and the EQ-5D.
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