However, these results may actually underestimate impact forces and stresses in average-sized knobs, because these estimates are based on the most fragmentary specimen in this study.
Additionally, the timing and duration of studies may be limited due to concerns about dispersal into surrounding natural areas, experiments might only include certain plant life history stages such as non-reproductive juveniles that have low risk of escape, and invaders may be added at unrealistically low densities and therefore may underestimate invasion impacts.
It should be noted that using affinity alone to judge the impact of mutations in site 2 may underestimate the impact of substitutions since reciprocal changes in association and dissociation rates are observed (slow on rate, slow off rate).
(These figures may underestimate the impact of irrigation, because some places are too dry to grow maize at all).
We also had to assume that the proportion of catch per gear type remained constant within each EEZ, and so we may underestimate the impact of fishing.
The proposed expressions for impact factor can be used as a modification of the AASHTO specifications when dealing with short bridges and old bridges with poor road surface condition for which the AASHTO specifications may underestimate the impact factor.
This may underestimate the impact on the system as a whole, because nuclear plants and large dams are the only broadly reliable sources of baseload electricity that do not burn fossil fuels.
The extent of the disease burden is unclear: current etiologic studies may underestimate the impact of influenza if recognized or unrecognized infection occurs some time before severe disease manifestations prompt specimen collection for diagnosis.
Among ethnic minorities, more than 1.25 million households and more than 4 million people could be worse off, the study calculates, though the figure could be several hundred thousand higher and Runnymede adds that its calculations may underestimate the impact of the first Conservative budget in 18 years, which was unveiled nearly three weeks ago.
Short-term studies may underestimate its impact.
