Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the relationship between smoking and mental health: (1) smoking and poor mental health may share common causes (genetic factors or environmental mechanisms); (2) among individuals with poor mental health, smoking may be a coping strategy used to regulate psychiatric symptoms; and (3) smoking worsens mental health.
The low heritability estimates reflect that EWs at different ages may share similar genetic causes, and calculating the difference values may eliminate the same additive effects between them.
It has been postulated that diabetes and CVD may share an underlying cause, a theory known as the "common soil" hypothesis (13– 13).
Recent studies investigated whether the phenotypic similarities of the language deficits may reflect potentially shared causes.
12 15 Despite these differences, the two groups may share the same underlying causes for suicide action, such as psychiatric and psychological disorders and adverse life events, and therefore should be included in suicide prevention, particularly primary prevention targeting causes or risk factors of diseases.
Sufficient causes that have the same effect may share some of their component causes.
Founder studies show that even individuals who do not realize they are related may share a common genetic cause for ALS because of a common ancestor (Al-Chalabi et al., 1998).
We also included body mass index (BMI), white blood cell count, percent neutrophils, percent lymphocytes, treatment with a statin medication (yes/no; then-current use based on self-report), diagnosis of diabetes (yes/no), and fasting blood glucose because we assumed these variables may share an unmeasured common cause with BC exposure and are likely to be determinants of LTL.
The fact that the subjects and the experimenter may share similar assumptions about the causes of quasi-visual experience (the "folk theory" of images as inner pictures), so that both interpret the experiment in terms of operations on inner pictures in an inner space, is not evidence that those assumptions are correct.
That is, physicians may share information about the multiple causes of disease during cancer screening and primary care visits.
