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For example, at broad scales (e.g., 10s 100s km) these filters may represent historical and oceanographic constraints (e.g., migration, emigration, regional-scale speciation and gene flow), all of which are intertwined with climate oscillations and glaciation events that change regional-current patterns and population connectivity [9].
Loci MAA54a/b have conserved sequences flanking similar microsatellite sequences and may represent historical duplications that have since diverged (Karhu et al., 2000).
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Still others may select response patterns by copying the behavior of other agents, or by following rules of thumb that are embedded in cultural and institutional structures and represent historical collective learning.
Synonyms represent historical or alternative identifiers for genes.
Hair arsenic concentrations also represent historical exposure but compared to nail, it represents relatively immediate exposure.
The payment was introduced after 105 patients had been approached – these patients represent historical controls.
If so, results from our ARG may represent contemporary rather than historical recombination, although dating recombination events in the ARG is not possible.
This reduction of adult males may represent the impact of the historical pattern of migration in southern rural Mozambique, where a work-related flow of males to Maputo city and South Africa has been kept for centuries.
Other evidence suggests non-historical cases may represent 70% of the rise.
The adaptation of a yearling migration tactic represents a substantial change from historical conditions and may represent random drift, plasticity or evolutionary change, as we discuss below.
The increasing incidence of surgical management for humeral shaft fractures may represent a public health burden given the historical success of non-operative management.
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