Within the PM, therefore, IP3R and RyR may regulate both membrane potential and Ca2+ entry, and their activity may also be regulated by membrane potential.
Since the open probability of the OR/OR83b complexes was shown to be regulated by cAMP [48], cAMP may regulate the membrane potential of the ORNs via the OR/OR83b complex.
Firstly, they may regulate the membrane expression density of the Na+ channels themselves (Isom et al. 1995b, Chen et al. 2002).
Apical localization of PODXL may help cell to drive integrins to the basolateral surface of cells, essentially regulating expansion of the apical surface (Nielsen and McNagny 2008), whereas apical localization of caveolin-1, which interacts with proteins and cytoskeleton, may regulate plasma membrane organization and cell surface signaling (Parat et al. 2003; Lajoie et al. 2009).
Intracellular oxygen concentration may be able to regulate membrane localization of Rab proteins leading to control vesicle transport events.
Indeed, as a structuring scaffold, the PHB complex may govern spatial membrane organization and regulate membrane protein activities, both of which are required for optimal mitochondrial morphology and function [ 1, 4, 78].
Since CLIPR-59 is associated not only with the plasma membrane, but is also targeted to trans Golgi network membranes, it may regulate both plasma membrane and trans Golgi network interactions via microtubules.
Since CLIPR-59 is not only associated with the plasma membrane, but is also targeted to trans Golgi network membranes, it may regulate both plasma membrane and trans Golgi network interactions via microtubules.
This system may utilize regulated membrane back-fusion for the cytosolic delivery of ASOs and siRNA, which would account for the lack of toxicity observed.
Host proteins that regulate membrane phospholipids, cholesterol, and endosomal components may thus play important roles in the late stages of viral replication.
