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We hypothesise that reduced MSMB expression in men with the high risk allele may reduce prostate cell apoptosis and ultimately promote less controlled prostate growth.
The evidence that statins may reduce prostate cancer incidence remains equivocal.
Data from this study also indicate that high levels of physical activity may reduce prostate cancer risk.
The ERSPC showed that PSA-based screening may reduce prostate cancer mortality by 20%, but it remained unclear which patients may benefit from screening [ 3].
These studies also suggest that consumption of fish or fish oil, which are very high in ω-3 fatty acids, may reduce prostate cancer risk (10, 21).
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation may reduce prostate cancer risk, suggesting that polymorphism in genes that mediate host pigmentation will be associated with susceptibility to this cancer.
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Because they alter the natural history of symptomatic BPH the 5ARIs are the only medical treatment for BPH that reduce prostate volume, which may influence the need for surgery and reduce the risk of AUR.
Screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can reduce prostate cancer mortality, but may advance diagnosis and treatment in time and lead to overdetection and overtreatment.
Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) may induce PCa cell proliferation [ 37], and one recent study showed that PDE4D inhibitors reduce prostate tumor growth in animal models [ 38].
Doctors can also prescribe drugs that reduce prostate cancer risk, finasteride and dutasteride.
36 Results for specific cancers are less clear although there is some observational evidence that vegetarian diets may reduce risk of prostate, 34 breast, 38 colon, 34 stomach cancer, 33 bladder cancer, 33 ovarian cancer, 33 and cancers of the lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com