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The developmental overnutrition hypothesis suggests that maternal obesity and/or gestational diabetes in humans may predispose offspring to altered energy balance and increased adiposity in adulthood [1] [4].
The fetal overnutrition hypothesis suggests that maternal obesity and/or gestational diabetes may predispose offspring to increased adiposity in adulthood (2).
Amanda Drake, a clinician/scientist at the University of Edinburgh who studies early-life origins of disease, pointed to prenatal targets that, if perturbed at the right time, may predispose offspring to obesity and associated conditions through programming of the growth and development of tissues or of the brain.
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The incidence of obesity has reached alarming proportions worldwide, and increasing evidence suggests that the parents' nutritional status may predispose their offspring to lipotoxic cardiomyopathy.
Our results also lend support to the growing evidence that parental exposures to benzene may predispose an offspring to childhood leukemia (Smith 2010), particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Exposure to high levels of glucose in utero, therefore may predispose the offspring to altered metabolic patterns, affecting long-term regulation of energy balance.
Overall, these studies are consistent with the idea that maternal nutrition during pregnancy can induce remarkable effects on fetal development, which in turn may predispose the offspring to metabolic, endocrine, and cardiovascular disorders in postnatal life.
6, 9, 34, 35 If the balance between these pathways is affected, it may predispose the offspring to increased oxidant-induced airway inflammation due to an accumulation of toxic oxidative metabolites in the fetus.
The authors suggest that these phenotypes predispose offspring to respond poorly to suboptimal environments, which may be avoidable if postnatal nutrition is carefully controlled.
First, an association might be mediated via the effect of maternal health and physique on intrauterine environment and early infant health, which are associated with cardiovascular disease.[9] Second, genetic factors may predispose both mother and her offspring to cardiovascular disease.
Brown's group notes that several studies of pregnant women and their offspring suggest that vitamin D deficiency may predispose an infant to future risk of wheezing disorders.
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