Taken together, the effect of parthenolide on surface thioredoxin may modulate intracellular pathways.
GOstat analysis of the genes that neighbor the CaRF ChIP peaks revealed overrepresentation of gene products involved in signaling pathways, suggesting the possibility that CaRF-dependent transcription may modulate intracellular states in neurons.
Members of this protein family may function in cell development and morphology, and may modulate intracellular calcium homoeostasis and other signal transduction pathways [ 24, 25].
Although less well established, there is also evidence that APP may directly modulate intracellular calcium homeostasis.
In cardiomyocytes, cPLA2 activation will enhance the formation of arachidonic acid (AA), which may eventually modulate intracellular calcium via a variety of systems, including ion channel activation and induction of protein kinase A (PKA) activity.
The potency of Acot1 may serve to modulate intracellular concentrations of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids, and CoA to affect various cellular functions, including lipid metabolism [ 30].
By binding to adrenoceptors in various organs, NE and EPI may modulate various intracellular molecular pathways already implicated in cancer (see below).
Indeed, many in vitro studies have revealed that PPL may modulate the intracellular cytoskeletal network through interaction with a number of molecules other than EVPL, including vimentin, keratin 8 (K8), beaded filament structural component 2 (also known as cytoskeletal protein 49 kDa), filensin, plectin, and collagen type XVII (also known as bullous pemphigoid antigen 2) [ 14, 15, 18, 19].
Curcumin treated phoP- bacteria showed higher fold proliferation in NRAMP+/+ cells indicating that curcumin also acts on pathways other than PhoPQ (may be sitA, mntH and sodA) to modulate intracellular survival of the bacteria in NRAMP+/+ cells.
Our data suggest that MTX, when used to modulate intracellular production of endogenous PpIX, may provide a new combination PDT approach for certain cancers.
To clarify whether RCE cells may retain their functional property to upregulate intracellular NO ([NO]i) production and to modulate intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]in in response to vasoactive substances (10), we used a microscopic image analysis system as described previously (12).
