However, recent evidence indicates that Aβ42 can form a variety of misfolded structures, including multiple monomer conformers, different types of prefibrillar assemblies, and structurally distinct amyloid fibrils, and that such structural polymorphisms may mediate the diverse toxic effects of Aβ42 [10] [13].
In this context, PP4 may mediate these diverse effects either by functioning through a single master factor that regulates a complex network of downstream genes, or by acting individually on multiple target proteins to impact various signaling pathways, or both.
Maetzel et al (2009) recently provided evidence that EpCAM may mediate these diverse cancer biological functions, after intramembrane proteolysis by two distinct proteases (i.e., ADAM17 and PSEN2) has liberated the intracellular domain EpICD, which then forms a nuclear protein complex, leading to gene transcription.
Although the effects of thyroid hormone are spatiotemporally specific, it is quite possible that the same sets of target genes may be redeployed across the lifespan to mediate diverse developmental and neuroplastic consequences.
Signaling receptors are known to mediate diverse cellular responses such as migration, proliferation and differentiation.
Genome rearrangements may occur via homologous recombination of repeat elements in the bacterial genomes [ 35, 36]. A. actinomycetemcomitans genomes contain diverse repeat elements that may mediate genome rearrangement.
Also CCT may mediate the folding of 1000 2000 other proteins that play diverse and critical functions in the cell, as, for example, cell cycle progression, chromatin remodeling, assembly of nuclear pore complex and protein degradation [35], [36].
This similarity in the sex-specific regulation of feeding across diverse species raises the possibility that conserved mechanisms may mediate sex differences in dietary preference.
It is worthwhile to consider the interactions among the three major domains because, by varying its own conformation through such interactions, Hsp90 may mediate its interactions with different co-chaperones and clients and fulfil its extremely diverse biological functions.
Since exosomes are produced and released by many cells, and have diverse functions in biological models [3], [40], we hypothesized that exosomes may mediate protective signals in processes of oxidative stress.
