We previously reported that VEGF-A reduced hepatocyte permeability and promoted HCV entry in HepG2 cells, 8 suggesting that anti-VEGF therapies may limit HCV infection.
When we shield children from dirt in the playground and from sick kids in preschool, we may limit their infections while also reducing their exposure to healthy microbes.
Health education measures and specific prophylaxis may limit the transmission of these infections within the community.
Predators may limit levels of infection within populations, thereby decreasing rates of host-pathogen coevolution.
IFN α treatment may limit Leydig cell infection and hence the spread of the virus in the testis.
The contribution of MASPs to fibrin clot formation on the surface of pathogens may limit dissemination of infection [ 32].
Experimental evidence suggests that WNV cross-protective immunity in wild bird species may limit subsequent SLEV infections (3 ).
The distinct metabolic and immune requirements for MEF2, combined with the obligation on the part of the host to raise some measure of resistance to systemic infection, may limit the achievable level of tolerance in persistent infections.
The infection kinetics of the local infection may limit the recruitment of IFN-γ producing cells into the renal tissue.
Taken together, these findings indicate that CVL from HIV and women contain endogenously produced antimicrobials that inhibit HIV infection, and in doing so may limit both acquisition and transmission of infection.
