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This may limit external validity since the attendance of high schools in Germany is more prevalent in families with higher than average monthly income.
First, only two metropolitan areas were compared, in Japan and Germany, which may limit external validity.
Second, this study only included Swiss hospitals which may limit external validity for other countries.
The exclusion of more severely affected frail patients, because of their poor physical or cognitive condition, may limit external validity.
This may limit external validity in other dialysis populations but will still be the largest complete neurocognitive assessment of adults treated with haemodialysis to date.
While the sample of organizations was relatively small, which may limit external validity of results, the sample itself appears to be generalizable.
Similar(49)
On the other hand, narrowing the definition of treatment conditions (or cause), for example, to better fit a particular context may enhance internal validity but may severely limit external validity or extrapolation.
This may further limit external validity.
Third, the limited number of patients may limit the external validity of our findings.
Insufficiently short or excessively long accommodation periods may limit the external validity of findings and/or the economic efficiency and ethical innocuousness of a study.
Finally, it is a single-center study, which may limit its external validity.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com