Some of these adverse consequences include bone loss, muscle atrophy, sensory-motor deconditioning, and cardiovascular alteration, which may lead to orthostatic intolerance when astronauts return to Earth.
As a class, oral bisphosphonates may lead to gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance, particularly at low pH [ 105].
These changes all occurred in genes for which there is limited homology data for other species which may lead to over prediction of intolerance by SIFT.
SDB may lead to insulin resistance and glucose intolerance through the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and inflammatory pathways as a consequence of chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation (28).
As skeletal muscles are the primary sink for insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, the development of muscular insulin resistance may lead to high circulating glucose retention and glucose intolerance.
The present case demonstrates how difficult clinical challenges can be in SBS and shows how intestinal resection may lead to severe metabolic consequences, recurrent joint attacks and food intolerances.
Exercise intolerance, often experienced by CHF patients, may lead to activity restriction and progressive functional deterioration.
Epidemiologic data from the Sleep Heart Health Study [ 1] suggested that OSA is associated with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance independent of obesity, and may lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The exposed group has had a defined gastrointestinal illness that may lead to increased wariness of possible causes of their abdominal complaints, including food intolerance.
Although placebo and possibly nocebo effects have to be considered in IBS, possible physiological mechanisms of (perceived) food intolerance include an exaggerated sensory and motor response and/or incomplete absorption, which may lead to symptoms in a susceptible host.
